To illustrate an example, in the event of starvation, the body has fewer carbohydrates available so will start to breakdown the fat stores in the body. In addition, proteins perform several important functions so if they were broken down several systems could fail. This is important as proteins are generally less efficient at generating energy.
The body preferentially breaks down carbohydrates first, and then fats and finally proteins only if the other two fuels are depleted. They are the most efficient at producing ATP or energy (meaning they produce lots more ATP per amount of the fuel broken down). In general, carbohydrates form the main energy source for the body. Protein is present in the diet in foods such as meat, eggs, nuts and dairy products. They are made up of smaller agents called amino acids – considered the building blocks of proteins. Proteins are thus the basic structural components in the body. Proteins: These make up nearly three quarters of all the solid materials in the body.Therefore lipids are really just chains of fatty acids joined together. Lipids are broken down into smaller components called fatty acids for energy. Lipids: This basically refers to fats (such as cholesterol) from the diet or stored in adipose tissue (in other words the body fat).The main storage sites for carbohydrates in the body are the liver and muscles. When carbohydrates are digested in the gastrointestinal system they are broken down into smaller molecules such as glucose (a simple sugar). Carbohydrates come from foods such as bread, cereal, potatoes, fruits and sugar-containing foods or bevarages. Carbohydrates: These are the sugar type compounds in the body.The body has three main types of molecules it uses for energy: The left over components are recycled by the body and used to regenerate the original compounds.
These can then enter into special reactions to produce ATP. Metabolism works by breaking down foods in the diet or compounds in the body into their smaller components. Metabolism therefore produces energy to perform all the functions of different tissues within the body. This energy is essential for cells to grow and divide, synthesise important compounds, for muscles to contract and numerous other important functions. When ATP is broken down or used by cells huge amounts of energy is released. In the body, the primary final agent to produce energy is called adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This involves a complex set of processes that convert fuels into specialised compounds loaded with energy. Metabolism basically refers to all the chemical reactions within the body used to produce energy.
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